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In the PACTOR protocol, what is meant by an NAK response to a transmitted packet?

  1. The receiver is requesting the packet be re-transmitted

  2. The receiver is reporting the packet was received without error

  3. The receiver is busy decoding the packet

  4. The entire file has been received correctly

The correct answer is: The receiver is requesting the packet be re-transmitted

In the PACTOR protocol, an NAK response signifies that the receiver did not successfully receive the transmitted packet and is requesting a re-transmission. This is part of error control in digital communications, where feedback from the receiver to the sender helps ensure that the data is transmitted accurately. When an NAK is sent, it indicates to the sender that the packet may have been corrupted or lost during transmission. The sender will then typically re-transmit the packet in order to ensure that the receiver obtains all the data correctly. This process is crucial because it helps maintain the integrity of the communication by providing a mechanism to handle errors that can occur over various transmission mediums. The other options reflect different states or acknowledgments that are not represented by an NAK. A successful receipt of a packet would be indicated by an ACK (acknowledgment) response, while a signal that the receiver is busy would not invoke an NAK. Therefore, understanding the implications of an NAK response is vital for effective communication over the PACTOR protocol.